Ahti, T. 1978. Two new species of Cladonia from western North America. The Bryologist 81(2): 334-338.

Ahti, T. & I.M. Brodo. 1981. Cladonia labradorica, sp. Nov., and C. kanewskii in Canada. The Bryologist 84(2): 238-241.

Ahti, T. & P.M. Jörgensen. 1971. Notes on the lichens of Newfoundland. I. Erioderma boreale, new to North America. The Bryologist 74(3): 378-381.

Brodo, I.M. 1968. The Lichens of Long Island, New York: a Vegetational and Floristic Analysis. The University of the State of New York, Albany. 330 pp.

Brodo, I.M. 1989. Hypogymnia pulverata, new to North America. The Lichenologist 21(2): 184-186.

Brodo, I.M. 1995. Lichens and lichenicolous fungi of the Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia, Canada. 1. Introduction and new records for B.C., Canada and North America. Mycotaxon 56: 135-173.

Brodo, I.M. & D.L. Hawkesworth. 1977. Alectoria and allied genera in North America. Opera Botanica 42: 1-164.

Culberson, C.F. & W.L. Culberson. 1966. The identification of imbricaric acid and a new imbricaric acid-containing lichen species. The Bryologist 69(2): 192-202.

Culberson, W.L. & C.F. Culberson. 1981. The genera Cetrariastrum and Concamerella (Parmeliaceae): a chemosystematic synopsis. The Bryologist 84(3): 273-314.

Debolt, A. & B. McCune. 1993. Lichens of Glacier National Park, Montana. The Bryologist 96(2): 192-204.

Degelius, G. 1941. Contributions to the lichen flora of North America. II. The lichen flora of the Great Smoky Mountains. Arkiv för Botanik 30A(3): 1-80.

Degelius, G. 1974. The Lichen Genus Collema with special Reference to the Extra-European Species. Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, Symbolae Botanicae Upsalienses 20(2): 1-215. Uppsala, Sweden.

Dey, J.P. 1978. Fruticose and foliose lichens of the high-mountain areas of the southern Appalachians. The Bryologist 81(1): 1-93.

Egan, R.S. 1973. Catalog of the Lichens of New Mexico. The Bryologist 75(1): 7-35.

Egea, J.M. & P. Torrente. 1993. The lichen genus Bactrospora. The Lichenologist 25(3): 211-255.

Esslinger, T.L. 1979. Studies in the lichen family Physciaceae. V. Two species of Physcia new to North America. Mycotaxon 10(1): 210-212.

Esslinger, T.L. 1994. New species and new combinations in the lichen genus Physconia in North America. Mycotaxon 51: 91-99.

Eversman, S. 1990. Lichens of Yellowstone National Park. The Bryologist 93(2): 197-205.

Galloway, D.J. & P.M. Joergensen. 1987. Studies in the lichen family Pannariaceae II. The genus Leioderma Nyl. The Lichenologist 19(4): 345-400.

Goward, T. 1984. Heterodermia sitchensis, a new lichen from the Pacific Northwest of North America. The Bryologist 87(4): 366-368.

Goward, T. & B. Goffinet. 1993. Nephroma silvae-veteris, a new lichen (Ascomycotina) from the Pacific Northwest of North America. The Bryologist 96(2): 242-244.

Goward, T. & G. Thor. 1992. Notes on the lichens and allied fungi of British Columbia. I. The Bryologist 95(1): 33-37.

Goward, T., I.M. Brodo & S.R. Clayden. 1998. Rare Lichens of Canada. A Review and Provisional Listing. Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada Report. 74 pp.

Goward, T., P. Diederich & R. Rosentreter. 1994. Notes on the lichens and allied fungi of British Columbia. II. The Bryologist 97(1): 56-62.

Goward, T., O. Breuss, B. Ryan, B. McCune, H. Sipman & C. Scheidegger. 1996. Notes on the lichens and allied fungi of British Columbia. III. The Bryologist 99(4): 439-449.

Hale, M.E. 1990. A synopsis of the lichen genus Xanthoparmelia (Vainio) Hale (Ascomycotina, Parmeliaceae). Smiths. Contr. Bot. 74: 1-250.

Hammer, S. 1995. A synopsis of the genus Cladonia in the northwestern United States. The Bryologist 98(1): 1-28.

Henssen, A. 1963. The North American species of Massalongia and generic relationships. Can. J. Bot. 41: 1331-1346.

Henssen, A. 1968. A new Lichinodium species from British Columbia. The Bryologist 71(3): 271-274.

Henssen, A. 1977. The genus Zahlbrucknerella. The Lichenologist 9(1): 17-46.

Imshaug, H.A. 1954. A new species of Neuropogon from the United States. Rhodora 56: 154-157.

Jahns, H.M. 1981. The genus Pilophorus. Mycotaxon 13(2): 289-330.

Jörgensen, P.M. 1972. Erioderma pedicellatum (= E. boreale) in New Brunswick, Canada. The Bryologist 75(3): 369-371.

Joergensen, P.M. & T. Goward. 1994. Two new Leptogium species from western North America. Acta Bot. Fennica 150: 75-78.

Kärnefelt, I. 1979. The brown fruticose species of Cetraria. Opera Botanica 46: 1-150.

Krog, H. 1968. The Macrolichens of Alaska. Norsk Polarinstitutt Skrifter nr. 144: 1-180. Oslo, Norway.

Krog, H. 1973. Cetraria inermis (Nyl.) Krog, a new lichen species in the Amphi-Beringian flora element. The Bryologist 76(2): 299-300.

Lepage, E. 1947-49. Les lichens, les mousses et les hépatiques du Québec. Le Nat. Canad. 74: 8-16, 93-101, 225-240, 280-292; 75: 31-48, 90-96, 174-184, 228-256; 76: 45-88.

McCune, B. 1968. Lichens of the Swan Valley, Montana. The Bryologist 85(1): 13-21.

Moberg, R. 1980. Anaptychia ulotrichoides new to North America. The Bryologist 83(2): 251-252.

Nash, T.H. 1985. Additions to the lichen flora of Arizona III. The Bryologist 88(1): 19-22.

Ryan, B.D. 1985. New records of lichens from Washington State. Evansia 2(3): 33-35.

Sierk, H.A. 1964. The genus Leptogium in North America north of Mexico. The Bryologist 67(3): 245-317.

Sirois, L., F. Lutzoni & M.M. Grandtner. 1988. Les lichens sur serpentine et amphibolite du plateau du mont Albert, Gaspésie, Québec. Can. J. Bot. 66: 851-862.

Stenroos, S. 1990. Cladonia luteoalba – an enigmatic Cladonia. Karstenia 30: 27-32.

Thomson, J.W. 1960. Agrestia cyphellata, a new genus and species of lichen in the Usneaceae. The Bryologist 63(4): 246-250.

Thomson, J.W. 1979. Lichens of the Alaskan Arctic Slope. University of Toronto Press, Toronto. 314 pp.

Thomson, J.W. 1984. American Arctic Lichens. 1. The Macrolichens. Columbia University Press, New York. 504 pp.

Timdall, E. 1990. Gypsoplacaceae and Gypsoplaca, a new family and genus of squamiform lichens. Bibl. Lichenol. 38: 419-427.

Weber, W.A. 1963. Lichens of the Chiricahua Mountains, Arizona. University of Colorado Studies, Series in Biology No. 10: 1-36.

Weber, W.A. 1990. Additions to the lichen flora of Colorado and North America. Evansia 7(2): 17-25.

Weber, W.A. & L.A. Viereck. 1967. Lichens of Mt. McKinley National Park, Alaska. The Bryologist 70(2): 227-235. Wetmore, C.M. 1980. A new species of Nephroma from North America. The Bryologist 83(2): 243-247.

Wetmore, C.M. 1985. Lichens of Theodore Roosevelt National Park. Mycotaxon 23: 241-249.

Wong, P.Y. & I.M. Brodo. 1992. The lichens of southern Ontario. Syllogeus 69: 1-79.

Goward, T. 1996. Lichens of British Columbia: Rare Species and Priorities for Inventory. Res. Br., B.C. Min. For. and Hab. Protect. Br., B.C. Min. Environ., Lands and Parks, Victoria, B.C. Work. Pap. 08/1996. Source for Otto, Noble and Ryan data.

Goward, T., I.M. Brodo & S. Clayden. 1998. Rare Lichens of Canada. A Review and Provisiional Listing. Cosewic Committe on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada, Canadian Wildlife Service, Environment Canada, Ottawa. 74 pp.

Lutzoni, F. 1990. Les Lichens. In: État des connaissances sur les algues marines benthiques macroscopiques, les lichens et les bryophytes du couloir du Saint-Laurent. Rapports préparés pour la Direction de la conservatiion et du patrimoine écologique, ministère de l’Environment, Québec. pp. 23-40. Good bibliographic source.

Thomson, J.W. 1984. American Arctic Lichens. 1. The Macrolichens. Columbia University Press, New York. 504 pp.

Thomson, J.W. 1997. American Arctic Lichens. 2. The Microlichens. The University of Wisconsin Press, Madison. 675 pp.

British Columbia

Bird, C.D. & R.D. Bird. 1973. Lichens of Saltspring Island. Syesis 6: 57-80.

Brodo, I.M. 1995. Lichens and lichenicolous fungi of the Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia, Canada. 1. Introduction and new records for B.C., Canada and North America. Mycotaxon 56: 135-173.

Brodo, I.M. & T. Ahti. 1996. Lichens and lichenicolous fungi of the Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia, Canada. 2. The Cladoniaceae. Can. J. Bot. 74(7): 1147-1180.

Brodo, I.M. & R. Santesson. 1997. Lichens of the Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia, Canada. 3. Marine species of Verrucaria (Verrucariaceae, Ascomycotina). J. Hattori Bot. Lab. 82: 27-37.

Goward, T. 1993. Notes on the lichens of the Tatshenshini and Alsek Valleys (preliminary report). Unpublished paper, Clearwater, B.C. 23 pp.

Goward, T. & T. Ahti. 1992. Macrolichens and their zonal distribution in Wells Gray Provincial Park and its vicinity, British Columbia, Canada. Acta Bot. Fennica 147: 1-60.

Goward, T. & W.B. Schofield. 1983. The lichens and bryophytes of Burns Bog, Fraser Delta, southwestern British Columbia. Syesis 16: 53-69.

Noble, W.J. 1982. The lichens of the coastal Douglas-fir dry subzone of British Columbia. Univ. B.C., Vancouver, B.C. PhD Dissertation.

Ohlsson, K.E. 1973. New and interesting macrolichens of British Columbia. The Bryologist 76(3): 366-387. Ryan, M.W. 1991. Distribution of bryophytes and lichens on Garry oak. Univ. Victoria, Victoria, B.C. MSc. Thesis.

Thomson, J.W. & T. Ahti. 1994. Lichens collected on an Alaska Highway expedition in Alaska and Canada. The Bryologist 97(2): 138-157.

Weber, W.A. & S. Shushan. 1959. Lichens of the Queen Charlotte Islands, Canada, collected in 1957 by Dr. Herman Persson. Svensk Bot. Tidskr. 53(3): 299-306.

Unpublished collections:
Brodo, I.M. - Northern Rocky Mtns. (1977), West-central B.C. (1988)
Goward, T. – Clearwater, Adams, Murtle & Fraser R. drainages (1992), Pacific Rim (date?)
Macoun, J. Comox and Sidney, Vancouver I. (late 1800’s, early 1900’s)
Marsh, J. - Kootenay and Glacier National Parks (1984)
Otto, G.F. - Lower Mainland, Garibaldi-Pemberton area, Mt. Revelstoke, lower reaches of the Stikine R. (dates unknown)

Alberta

Benson, P.A. 1973. The Lichens of Cypress Hills Provincial Park, Alberta. M.Sc. thesis. University of Calgary, Alberta. 170 pp. Not seen.

Bird, C.D. 1973. Species collected in Alberta on the first 1971 Foray of the American Bryological and Lichenological Society. Part I. Introduction and lichens. The Bryologist 73(3): 388-402.

Douglas, G.W., W.L. Peterson & A.C. Skorepa. 1981. A preliminary checklist of the mosses and lichens in the Fort McMurray area, Alberta, Canada.

Kalgutkar, R.M. & C.D. Bird. 1969. Lichens found on Larix lyallii and Pinus albicaulis in southwestern Alberta, Canada. Can. J. Bot. 47(5): 627-648.

Raup, L.C. 1928. A list of the lichens of the Athabasca Lake Region of Northwestern Canada. The Bryologist 31(4): 83-85.

Raup, L.C. 1930. The lichen flora of the Shelter Point Region, Athabasca Lake. The Bryologist 33(5): 57-66. A report based on the collections reported in the previous article.

Thomson, J.W. & T. Ahti. 1994. Lichens collected on an Alaska Highway expedition in Alaska and Canada. The Bryologist 97(2): 138-157.

Saskatchewan

Looman, J. 1962. Some lichens of Saskatchewan. The Bryologist 65(4): 294-304.

Thomson, J.W. & G.W. Scotter. 1961. Lichens of northern Saskatchewan. The Bryologist 64(2&3): 240-247.

Unpublished Collections:
Raup, L.C. - Lake Athabasca (1935)

Manitoba

Thomson, J.W. 1953. Lichens of Arctic America I. Lichens from west of Hudson’s Bay. The Bryologist 56(1): 8-36.

Unpublished Collections:
Brodo, I.M. - Churchill (1988)
Thomson, J.W. - Lynn Lake area (1959)

Ontario

Kershaw, K.A. & W.R. Rouse. 1973. Studies on lichen-dominated systems. V. A primary survey of a raised-beach system in northwestern Ontario. Can. J. Bot. 51: 1285-1307.

Macoun, J. 1897. The cryptogamic flora of Ottawa. The Ottawa Naturalist 11: 129-140, 161-172, 193-204; 12: 25-32, 49-56, 93-100; 20: 177-186.

Macoun, J. 1906. The cryptogamic flora of Ottawa. The Ottawa Naturalist 20: 177-186.

Wong, P.Y. & I.M. Brodo. 1973. Rock-inhabiting lichens of the Frontenac Axis, Ontario. Can. Field-Nat. 87: 255-259.

Wong, P.Y. & I.M. Brodo. 1990. Significant records from the lichen flora of southern Ontario, Canada. The Bryologist 93(3): 357-367.

Wong, P.Y. & I.M. Brodo. 1992. The Lichens of Southern Ontario, Canada. Syllogeus No. 69. Canadian Museum of Nature, Ottawa. 79 pp.

Unpublished Collections:
Brodo, I.M. - N shore Lake Superior, etc. (1965, 1968)
Dickson, H.L. and others - Algonquin Provincial Park (as of 1978)
Garton, C.E., P. Barclay-Estrup, J. Crowe, etc. - Thunder Bay (1959-1985)
Garton, C.E. and others - Pukaskwa National Park (checklist found in IMB’s files) (no dates)

Québec

Dignard, N. 1987. Phyto-écologie et potentiel de conservation de l’île de la Traverse, Lac-Saint-Jean, Québec. Thèse de Maîtrise, Université Laval, Québec. Not seen.

Dodge, C.W. 1926. Lichens of the Gaspé Peninsula, Québec. Rhodora 28: 157-161, 205-207, 225-232.

Grondin, P. & M. Melançon. 1977. Liste des Bryophytes et des Lichens de l’Anticosti-Minganie. Unpublished paper, Université Laval, Québec, 13 pp.

Lynge, B. 1939. A contribution to the lichen flora of Canadian Arctic. Collection of Father Arthème Dutilly, o.m.i., naturalist of the Arctic Missions. Farmasoitisk Institut, Oslo. 14 pp.

Reilly, R.W. 1972. The macrolichens of the Magdalen Islands, Quebec, Canada. The Bryologist 75(2): 179-184.

Shchepanek, M.J. 1973. Botanical Investigation of the Otish Mountains, Québec. Syllogeus 2: 1-23. National Museum of Natural Sciences, National Museums of Canada, Ottawa.

Sirois, L., F.L. Lutzoni & M.M. Grandtner. Les lichens sur serpentine et amphibolite du plateau du mont Albert, Gaspésie, Québec. Can. J. Bot. 66: 851-862.

Unpublished Collections:
Brodo, I.M. - Schefferville area (1966)
Brodo, I.M., et al. - C.B.A. field trip to Forêt Montmorency, Parc des Laurentides (1997)
Legault, A. - Payne Lake (1965)
Roy, C. - Gaspé (1992), Boniface R. (1994), Ile-aux-Basques (1995), Rimouski (1995)

New Brunswick

Gowan, S. 1979. Epiphytic Lichens on Acer saccharum in extra-forest Habitats in the New Brunswick-Nova Scotia Border Area. Honours Thesis, Mount Allison University. ??pp. (93).

Gowan, S. & I.M. Brodo. 1988. The lichens of Fundy National Park, New Brunswick, Canada. The Bryologist 91(4): 255-325.

Unpublished collections:
Clayden, S. – Mt. Carleton Provincial Park, and St. John and vicinity (no dates)
Egger, K. - Kouchoubouguac National Park (1978)
Gowan, S.P. - Restigouche R. (1989)

Nova Scotia

Erskine, J.S. 1954. The ecology of Sable Island, 1952. Proc. N.S. Inst. Sci. 23(2): 120-145. Lamb, I.M. 1954. Lichens of Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia. National Mus. Can. Bull. 132: 239-313.

Unpublished collections:
Clayden, S. – Cape Blomidon/Cape Split, near Wolfville (no date), Cape Breton Highlands National Park (1987)

Newfoundland (including Labrador)

Ahti, T. 1974. Notes on the lichens of Newfoundland. 3. Lichenological exploration. Ann. Bot. Fennici 11: 89-93.

Kallio, P. & L. Kärenlampi. 1966. Observations on the lichens of Labrador and Ungava. Ann. Univ. Turku. A. II: 36 (Rep. Kevo Subarctic Sta.3): 85-100.

Unpublished Collections:
Brodo, I.M. - Schefferville area (1966)
Clayden, S – Schefferville area (1982), Gros Morne National Park (1994)

Yukon Territory

Bird, C.D., J.W. Thomson, A.H. Marsh, G.W. Scotter & P.Y. Wong. 1980. Lichens from the area drained by the Peel and Mackenzie rivers, Yukon and Northwest Territories, Canada. I. Macrolichens. Can. J. Bot. 58(18): 1947-1985.

Bird, C.D., J.W. Thomson, A.H. Marsh, G.W. Scotter & P.Y. Wong. 1981. Lichens from the area drained by the Peel and Mackenzie rivers, Yukon and Northwest Territories, Canada. II. Microlichens. Can. J. Bot. 59(7): 1231-1252.

Douglas, G.W. & D.H. Vitt. 1976. Moss-lichen flora of St. Elias-Kluane Ranges, Southwestern Yukon. The Bryologist 79(4): 437-456.

Merrill, G.K. 1908. Lichen notes no. 7. Yukon lichens. The Bryologist 11: 105-111.

Thomson, J.W. & T. Ahti. 1994. Lichens collected on an Alaska Highway expedition in Alaska and Canada. The Bryologist 97(2): 138-157.

Unpublished Collections:
Brodo, I.M. - Whitehorse (1988)
Thomson, J.W. – British Mtns. (1964)

Northwest Territories

Ahti, T., G.W. Scotter & H. Vänskä. 1976. Lichens of the Reindeer Preserve, Northwest Territories, Canada. The Bryologist 73(1): 48-76.

Barrett, P.E. & J.W. Thomson. 1975. Lichens from a high Arctic coastal lowland, Devon Island, N.W.T. The Bryologist 78(2): 160-167.

Bird, C.D. 1975. The lichen, bryophyte, and vascular plant flora and vegetation of the Landing Lake area, Prince Patrick Island, Arctic Canada. Can. J. Bot. 53(8): 719-744.

Bird, C.D., J.W. Thomson, A.H. Marsh, G.W. Scotter & P.Y. Wong. 1980. Lichens from the area drained by the Peel and Mackenzie rivers, Yukon and Northwest Territories, Canada. I. Macrolichens. Can. J. Bot. 58(18): 1947-1985.

Bird, C.D., J.W. Thomson, A.H. Marsh, G.W. Scotter & P.Y. Wong. 1981. Lichens from the area drained by the Peel and Mackenzie rivers, Yukon and Northwest Territories, Canada. II. Microlichens. Can. J. Bot. 59(7): 1231-1252.

Fahselt, D., P.F. Maycock & J. Svoboda. 1988. Initial establishment of saxicolous lichens following recent glacial recession in Sverdrup Pass, Ellesmere Island, Canada. The Lichenologist 20(3): 253-268.

Gould, W.A. 1992. Macrolichens of the Coppermine, Hood and Thomsen Rivers, Northwest Territories, Canada. Master’s Thesis, University of Minnesota, Department of Plant Biology. Not seen.

Gould, W.A. 1994a. Macrolichens of the Coppermine, Hood, and Thomsen Rivers, Northwest Territories, Canada. The Bryologist 97(1): 42-46.

Gould, W.A. 1994b. Five lichens new to Banks Island, Northwest Territories, Canada. Evansia 11(1): 17-20.

Hale, M.E. 1954. Lichens from Baffin Island. Amer. Midl. Naturalist 51: 232-264.

Lynge, B. 1939. A contribution to the lichen flora of Canadian Arctic. Collection of Father Arthème Dutilly, o.m.i., naturalist of the Arctic Missions. Farmasoitisk Institut, Oslo. 14 pp.

Maycock, P.F. & D. Fahselt. 1992. Vegetation of stressed calcareous screes and slopes in Sverdrup Pass, Ellesmere Island, Canada. Can. J. Bot. 70: 2359-2377.

McCartney, N.G. 1978. Lichens from three arcehaeological sites, Somerset Island, N.W.T., Canada. The Bryologist 81(4): 610-613.

Polunin, N. 1934. The flora of Akpatok Island, Hudson Strait. J. Bot. 72: 197-204.

Scotter, G.W. & J.W. Thomson. 1966. Lichens of the Thelon River and Kaminuriak Lake Regions, Northwest Territories. The Bryologist 69(4): 497-502.

Thomson, J.W. 1970. Lichens from the vicinity of Coppermine, Northwest Territories. Can. Field-Nat. 84: 155-164.

Thomson, J.W. & G.W. Scotter. 1983. Lichens from Bathurst Inlet Region, Northwest Territories, Canada. The Bryologist 86(1): 14-22.

Thomson, J.W. & G.W. Scotter. 1984. Lichens of Bylot and northern Baffin Islands, Northwest Territories, Canada. The Bryologist 87(3): 228-232.

Thomson, J.W. & G.W. Scotter. 1985. Lichens of Eastern Axel Heiberg Island and the Fosheim Peninsula, Ellesmere Island, Northwest Territories. Can. Field-Nat. 99(2): 179-187.

Thomson, J.W. & G.W. Scotter. 1992. Lichens of the Cape Parry and Melville Hills Regions, Northwest Territories. Can. Field-Nat. 106(1): 105-111.

Thomson, J.W., G.W. Scotter & T. Ahti. 1969. Lichens of the Great Slave Lake region, Northwest Territories, Canada. The Bryologist 72(2): 137-177.

Unpublished Collections:
Ahti, T. - Nahanni National Park (1977); see also S. Talbot collections.
Brodo, I.M. - Bathurst I. (1973)
Thomson, J.W. – Ennadai and Dubawnt Lakes (1963), Canoe Lake (1964)